You volunteer as a tutor with your college's community outreach program. Before you try to tutor the child assigned to you, Vygotsky would advise you to
A) determine the child's ZPD.
B) assess the child's stage of cognitive development.
C) see if the child has developed theory of mind.
D) test the child's processing efficiency.
A) determine the child's ZPD. The ZPD refers to the range of problems a child can solve if given some assistance.
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One of the characteristics of self-actualizers, as described by Maslow, is that they:
a. are driven by D-motivation. b. find pleasure and excitement in their hard work. c. seek to reduce tension and work hard to satisfy their lower needs. d. hide their feelings or emotions to satisfy the society.
When exploring the respective influences of heredity and environment in contributing to mood disorders, many researchers compare the instances of the disorders among the biological and adoptive families of people who have bipolar disorder. What do these comparisons show?
a. The contributions of heredity and environment are relatively equal. b. There is little observable influence from either heredity or environment. c. The influences of environment are stronger than those of heredity. d. The influences of heredity are stronger than those of environment.
Which type of psychology focuses on our potential for optimal functioning and addresses such topics as love, happiness, creativity, well-being, self-confidence, and achievement?
a. positive psychology b. psychodynamic psychology c. sociocultural psychology d. cognitive psychology
The guidelines for how to behave in social contexts are called
A) social cognitions. B) social roles. C) social norms. D) conformities.