A pediatric nurse is teaching nursing students about medication administration in children. Which statement by a student indicates an understanding of the teaching?
a. "Drugs effective in adults may not work in children, even if the dose is proportional for weight and size."
b. "Infants metabolize drugs more quickly than do older children and adults."
c. "Side effects of drugs in children are similar to side effects of drugs in adults."
d. "The known differences in drug effects in children versus those in adults are related to the size of the patient."
ANS: A
Drugs have different effects in children for many reasons besides simply the amount of drug per unit of weight. Because two thirds of drugs used in children have never been tested in children, most of our knowledge of their effects is anecdotal and requires research. Infants metabolize drugs more slowly because of immaturity of organ systems that metabolize drugs. Because of differences in metabolism, absorption, and excretion of drugs in infants and children, side effects of drugs also differ. Again, the differences in drug effects are related to many factors, not just size and relative dose.
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