How might societal and environmental influences contribute to the emergence of an eating disorder?
What will be an ideal response?
A good answer would include the following key points:
- Societal influences include value of slender bodies
- Individuals feel pressure to be thinner and are reinforced for being thin
- Media messages that there is nothing that is "too thin"
- Messages of control and success promote lifelong dieting
- Girls who mature earlier have a higher level of body fat
- Pressure to look younger, thinner
- Control issues, need for perfection and success
- Family dynamics may contribute
- High expectations on child may encourage eating disorder
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Jose sometimes feels that he is a "taker" rather than a "giver"—that he is not contributing his fair share at work or in relationships. Research suggests that, as a result, Jose is likely to
a. feel depressed and underperform b. feel guilty and underperform c. convince himself that he is, in fact, a giver and look for opportunities to give back more d. feel depressed, feel guilty, and look for opportunities to give back more
All of the following techniques are methods used by Kelly in psychotherapy except one. Which one?
A. Asking people about their personal constructs B. Asking people to describe their ideal selves C. Asking people to define their personal constructs D. Forcing people to attend to their process of construing the world
Matching may justified in an experiment if
a. there is a variable that is highly correlated with the dependent variable b. it is feasible to present a pretest before assigning subjects to conditions c. Both a and b are true. d. Matching is always justified.
Studies of lottery winners indicate that one year after winning:
a. there was a great deal of sorrow for most of the people studied b. most subjects considered winning the lottery to be the best thing that could have happened to them c. most subjects experienced few changes in their lifestyle d. overall, winners were no happier than non-winners