Describe the effects of smoking and alcohol on prenatal development
What will be an ideal response?
Smoking and Nicotine
Smoking during pregnancy increases the risk of low birth weight, preterm deliveries, and possible physical problems. In addition, infants born to smoking mothers have an increased risk for developing attention- deficit/hyperactivity disorder, sudden infant death syndrome (SIDS), oral clefts (birth defect of mouth and lips), and respiratory infections.
Heavy Drinking
Alcohol (ethanol) is a teratogen that crosses the placenta, affects the developing fetus, and can result in fetal alcohol syndrome. Fetal alcohol syndrome, or FAS, results from a mother drinking heavily during pregnancy, especially in the first 12 weeks. FAS results in physical changes, such as short stature, flattened nose, and short eye openings; neurological changes, such as fewer brain connections within the brain structure; and psychological and behavioral problems, such as hyperactivity, impulsive behavior, deficits in information processing and memory, drug use, and poor socialization.
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Alex the parrot's remarkable facility for language was reported in a journal article. What type of research technique was used?
a. Archival b. Participant-Observer c. Survey d. Case Study
Summarize methods of ensuring that research is designed, conducted, and reported in an ethical manner. What practices should be built into the study to protect participants and to protect the integrity of the research?
What will be an ideal response
A therapist measures the difference between two clients. If the therapist can say that Rebecca's score is higher than Sarah's, but can't specify how much higher, the measuring scale used must have been a(an)_______ scale
a. nominal c. interval b. ordinal d. ratio
According to Piaget, the ability to understand that simply changing the appearance of an object does not change the object's nature is known as
a. object permanence. b. conservation. c. centration. d. reversibility. e. animism