Mary is a cross-country runner whose coach has asked her to decrease her total body fat to 7 percent. Will Mary's performance increase at this lower percent body fat? How would you respond to the coach?
What will be an ideal response?
Mary's coach should be informed that, as a woman, Mary needs at least 12 percent essential fat for normal physiological function. This type of fat is found within tissues such as muscles, nerve cells, bone marrow, intestines, heart, liver, and lungs. If Mary decreases her total body fat to 7 percent, she may not have enough essential fat to maintain her normal physiological function and her physical performance as well as health may deteriorate. The 3 percent essential fat for men and 12 percent for women seem to be the lower limits for people to maintain good health. Below these percentages, normal physiological functions can be seriously impaired. Mary's coach should also know that some experts believe a little storage fat (in addition to the essential fat) is better than none at all.
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