Causes of anemia include: (Select all that apply.)
a. hypoxic states.
b. blood loss.
c. impaired production of red blood cells.
d. increased destruction of red blood cells.
e. chronic obstructive pulmonary disease.
B, C, D
Causes of anemia include (1) blood loss (acute or chronic), (2) impaired production of RBCs, (3) increased RBC destruction, or (4) a combination of these. Polycythemia, a disorder in which the number of circulating RBCs is increased, is seen less often but can affect hypoxic patients (e.g., those with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease).
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