Distinguish between the medical model and the ecological model of human behavior

Question

What will be an ideal response?

Answer 1

The medical-model approach was developed by Sigmund Freud. It views clients as "patients." The task of the provider of services is first to diagnose the causes of a patient's problems and then to provide treatment. The patient's problems are viewed as being inside the patient. People with emotional or behavioral problems are given medical labels, such as schizophrenic, psychotic, borderline personality, or insane. Adherents of the medical approach believe that the disturbed person's mind is affected by some generally unknown internal condition. The medical model provided a humane approach to treating people with emotional and behavioral problems. It emphasized intrapsychic processes and focused on enabling patients to adapt and adjust to their social situations.?
The ecological approach integrates both treatment and reform by conceptualizing and emphasizing the dysfunctional transactions between people and their physical and social environments. Human beings are viewed as developing and adapting through transactions with all elements of their environments. An ecological model explores both internal and external factors. It views people not as passive reactors to their environments but rather as dynamic and reciprocal interactors with those environments. An ecological model tries to improve coping patterns so that a better match can be attained between an individual's needs and the characteristics of his or her environment. One emphasis of the model is on the person-in-environment. The ecological model views individuals, families, and small groups as having transitional problems and needs as they move from one life stage to another. A central concern of this model is to articulate the transitional problems and needs of individuals, families, and small groups. Once these problems and needs are identified, intervention approaches are selected and applied to help the individuals, families, and small groups resolve the transitional problems and meet their needs.