A 33-year-old client who is a long-term intravenous user of heroin has been recently diagnosed with hepatitis C. Which of the following portals of entry most likely led to the client's infection?
A) Direct contact
B) Vertical transmission
C) Ingestion
D) Penetration
Ans: D
Feedback:
Direct inoculation from intravenous drug use, and the accompanying disruption in the integrity of the body's surface barrier, is an example of entry by penetration. Vertical transmission occurs from mother to child, and neither direct contact nor ingestion is a likely source of this client's infection.
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