Discuss chronic pain. What factors, including psychological, are thought to maintain chronic pain?
What will be an ideal response?
Sample Answer: Chronic pain usually begins with an acute episode or injury, but the pain does not decrease over time, even when the injury has healed or effective treatments have been administered. Typically, chronic pain occurs in muscles, joints, or tendons, but it can also be related to headaches and degenerative diseases. Chronic pain can affect all aspects of a person's life, but responses vary as a function of psychological responses. Anxiety and depression exacerbate the effects of chronic pain, while a sense of control and optimism can result in less distress and disability.
You might also like to view...
Which of the following statements concerning psychiatrists is FALSE?
a. Psychiatrists specialize in the diagnosis and treatment of psychological disorders. b. Psychiatrists typically devote less of their time to relatively serious disorders than clinical psychologists. c. Psychiatrists frequently emphasize biomedical therapy. d. Psychiatrists are physicians and have a medical degree.
What personality traits may underlie test anxiety?
A. procrastination and depression B. neuroticism and interpersonal conflict C. neuroticism and external locus of control D. susceptibility and external locus of control
According to adaptation level theory, emotions come after arousal
Indicate whether the statement is true or false
The greatest improvements in various areas of executive functioning occur
a. prenatally. c. during early childhood. b. during infancy. d. during adolescence.