Which pharmacokinetic/pharmacodynamic parameter does the aging process least affect?
a. Absorption
b. Distribution
c. Metabolism
d. Excretion
ANS: A
There is no conclusive evidence that the absorptive process is changed appreciably in older adults. Distribution, metabolism, and excretion are all affected significantly by aging.
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A nurse assesses a client's electrocardiograph tracing and observes that not all QRS complexes are preceded by a P wave. How should the nurse interpret this observation?
a. The client has hyperkalemia causing irregular QRS complexes. b. Ventricular tachycardia is overriding the normal atrial rhythm. c. The client's chest leads are not making sufficient contact with the skin. d. Ventricular and atrial depolarizations are initiated from different sites.
The nurse is caring for a client whose respiratory status has declined since shift report. The client has tachypnea, is restless, and displays cyanosis. Which diagnostic test should be assessed first?
A) Arterial blood gases B) Pulmonary function test C) Pulse oximetry D) Chest x-ray
A patient who has a brain tumor will receive a nitrosourea agent. A nursing student asks why this type of drug is used for this type of cancer. The nurse will tell the student that nitrosoureas are useful because they:
a. are lipophilic. b. are bifunctional alkylating agents. c. have a broad spectrum of antineoplastic characteristics. d. have delayed bone marrow suppression.
Massage therapy falls within which CAM category?
A) Alternative medical systems B) Mind-body therapy C) Energy therapy D) Body-based therapy