List and discuss five factors responsible for the emergence of new pathogens or the reemergence of existing pathogens

What will be an ideal response?


Answer: Any of the following seven are possible answers: breakdown of public health standards due to war, migration, or natural disasters; catastrophic events that upset the usual host-pathogen balance; changes in land use; changes in human demographics and behavior; increased international travel and commerce; antimicrobial resistance, and climate change affecting vector ranges.

Biology & Microbiology

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Blood sugar is regulated by two pancreatic hormones—insulin and glucagon. When blood sugar rises, insulin is released; it binds to receptors and, through signal transduction, results in an increase in glucose uptake by cells

Blood sugar is regulated by two pancreatic hormonesâ€"insulin and glucagon. When blood sugar rises, insulin is released; it binds to receptors and, through signal transduction, results in an increase in glucose uptake by cells, which effectively lowers blood glucose levels. When blood sugar decreases, glucagon is released, binds to cell receptors, and causes glucose to be released into circulation, thereby increasing blood glucose levels. Diabetes mellitus is a disorder that results from excessively high levels of blood glucose. Type II diabetics have normal to elevated levels of insulin. What, then, might be causing their elevated blood glucose levels? A) inadequate insulin production B) defective receptors C) defective second messenger D) overproduction of glucagon

Biology & Microbiology

______ cells contain one set of chromosomes.  

A.  Germ-line B.  Somatic C.  Diploid D.  Haploid

Biology & Microbiology

What benefit does running a fever provide to a sick person?

What will be an ideal response?

Biology & Microbiology

Due to biological magnification, which of the

following have the highest concentration of a chemical herbicide?

a. grass- the dominant primary producer b. cow- an herbivore c. grasshoppers - an herbivore d. mice - predators of butterflies e. hawk - predators of mice

Biology & Microbiology