Jean-Jacques Rousseau saw children as
A) determining their own destinies.
B) blank slates to be filled by adult instruction.
C) tainted by original sin.
D) passive and highly plastic.
Answer: A
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In one well-known study on empathy, participants had to watch a confederate ("Elaine") receive electric shocks. They were told either that they had to watch 10 full trials of shocks, or that they could leave after watching the first two trials only. They were also told that their values and interests were similar to those of the confederate (similar group), or that their values and interests were
different from those of the confederate (dissimilar group). After the first two trials had been completed, participants were asked whether they would switch places with the confederate—she was apparently very upset by the shocks due to a negative childhood experience with electricity. The researchers found that, in the dissimilar group, ____ agreed to switch places. a. virtually no one b. many people in the 10-trial group but virtually no one in the two-trial group c. many people in both the 10-trial group and the two-trial group d. virtually everyone
From 1991 to 2012, the rates of obesity have risen from 12 to ____% (Ogden, Carroll, Kit, & Flegal, 2014).?
a. ?24 b. ?37 c. ?44 d. ?54
Andrew was removed from class because he swore at his teacher. As a result of being removed from class activities, Andrew continues to swear at his teacher. This is an example of:
a. positive punishment b. negative punishment c. positive reinforcement d. none of the above
According to the principles of health psychology, which of the following is the best protection against acquiring AIDS?
a. Getting an injection of the AIDS vaccine b. Being treated for HIV before it develops into AIDS c. Changing risky behaviors that can lead to disease acquisition d. Deciding to be sexually abstinent after years of being sexually active