A psychiatric–mental health nurse is aware that variations in pharmacokinetics can greatly affect individuals' responses to drugs. Which of the following clients may experience disruptions in the normal elimination of a drug?
A) A client who has been diagnosed with vascular dementia
B) A client who has a genetic alteration in her P450 liver enzyme system
C) A client who has ingested a large amount of free water
D) A client who has been diagnosed with chronic renal failure
Ans: D
Feedback:
Most drugs are eliminated by either the kidneys or gastrointestinal tract. As such, clients who have renal failure typically experience significant disruptions in elimination. The P450 liver enzyme system affects metabolism, not elimination.
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