The neurohormonal systems, including the sympathetic nervous system (SNS) and the renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system (RAAS), greatly affect cardiac remodeling with declining cardiac performance

A patient asks, "What is the ultimate effect of this cardiac remodeling pa-thology?" The nurse's best response is, "The ultimate effect of this pathology is a. a progressive decline in cardiac output."
b. necrosis of the cardiac muscle."
c. shrinking of the heart."
d. regeneration of cardiac muscle."


A
The end result of cardiac remodeling is decreased cardiac output.
Necrosis of cardiac muscle is the result of a myocardial infarction; this ultimately affects cardiac remodeling, but it is the infarction that causes the necrosis.
The heart actually enlarges with increased pathology and cardiac remodeling.
The cardiac muscle does not regenerate.

Nursing

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