Whenever a challenge forces people to adjust or adapt,
a. ineffective coping has occurred.
b. stress is occurring.
c. learned helplessness will result.
d. a physical or mental illness will result.
B
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When a response is strengthened because it is followed by the presentation of a rewarding stimulus, it is called
a. punishment. b. negative reinforcement. c. positive reinforcement. d. primary reinforcement.
The process through which individuals are induced to act in ways that are consistent with expectations held by others is called:
a. the fundamental attribution error b. the self-serving bias c. impression formation d. a self-fulfilling prophecy
In the year 2525, people are separated into groups. A standardized "Group A" IQ test has been developed, and results indicate that as a group, Group A people have an average IQ score that is 25 points higher than the Group B people. Which of the following statements is an incorrect conclusion?
A. Any individual Group A person is more intelligent than any individual Group B person. B. These results may be explained by differences in the socioeconomic status between Group A and Group B people. C. These results may be explained by motivational differences based on how much value is placed on academic achievement. D. While genetic differences may contribute to IQ, any person may improve his or her own score if given the "right" environmental conditions.
Which of the following structures is most involved in learning, memory, and motivation?
A) Corpus callosum B) Parietal lobe C) Hippocampus D) Temporal lobe