Mr. McKinley had a Roux-en-Y gastric bypass 4 months ago and has lost approximately 100 lbs. Describe this procedure. Identify the most probable nutritional concerns associated with this rapid weight loss/surgical procedure
What will be an ideal response?
The surgery performed on Mr. McKinley was Roux-en-Y gastric bypass surgery, which is a restrictive-malabsorptive procedure. This type of procedure decreases the capacity of the stomach to hold food and fluid and also bypasses part of the stomach and small intestine (connecting the pouch formed from the stomach to the jejunum), further reducing nutrient absorption. This type of surgery is very commonly performed and, combined with adjustable gastric banding, accounts for 90% of all bariatric surgeries performed worldwide.
Nutritional risks include loss of lean body mass, malabsorption of micronutrients such as calcium and iron, and inadequate intake of all nutrients. Early satiety (due to the restrictive nature of the surgery) may limit food consumption and caloric intake. Additionally, due to the malabsorption issues, lactose intolerance, steatorrhea, and dumping syndrome are possible clinical consequences. These can possibly lead to malnutrition or to a specific nutrient deficiency.
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