Microbes such as Lactobacillus acidophilus colonize the human vagina by fermenting ________.

A. sucrose
B. lactose
C. glycogen
D. glucose


Answer: C

Biology & Microbiology

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GGG and GGC are codons for the amino acid, glycine. A mutation caused the insertion of a cytosine in place of the guanine during DNA replication. Over many generations the DNA changes so that the frequency of GGC is similar to that of GGG. What is this phenomenon called?



A. directional selection
B. bottleneck effect
C. stabilizing selection
D. adaptive variation
E. neutral variation

Biology & Microbiology

Vinblastine, a chemotherapeutic drug used to treat breast and testicular cancers, interferes with the assembly of

microtubules. Speculate how this drug works to inhibit cancer cell growth.

a. Vinblastine inhibits transition from G1 to S. b. Vinblastine inhibits transition from S to G2. c. Vinblastine inhibits cytokinesis. d. Vinblastine disrupts mitotic spindle formation and consequently mitosis. e. Vinblastine inhibits cyclin production.

Biology & Microbiology

2nd law of thermodynamics

What will be an ideal response?

Biology & Microbiology

Describe the evolutionary relationships between the following organisms. Draw a family "tree" if necessary. Include

bony fish, amniotes, lizards, mammals, turtles, birds, reptiles, ray-finned fishes, amphibians, lungfish, and lobe-finned fishes. What will be an ideal response?

Biology & Microbiology