Explain and discuss the concepts presented by each theory of group processes, including psychodynamic theory, status characteristics and expectation states theory, symbolic interaction theory, exchange theory, and self-categorization theory. Discuss these concepts in regards to the development, maintenance, and distribution of power and influence among group members.

Question

What will be an ideal response?

Answer 1

Status characteristics and expectation states theory proposes that the influence and participation of group members during initial interactions are related to their status and to expectations others hold about their ability to help the group accomplish tasks. Psychodynamic theory focuses on the relationship between the emotional unconscious processes and the rational processes of interpersonal interaction. Symbolic interaction theory thinks about the small group as a place where symbols are created, exchanged, and interpreted and to think about individual and social change happening as meanings are made and changed through the use of symbols. According to exchange theory, social power is what determines who gets valued resources in groups and whether those resources are perceived as being distributed in a just manner. Conflicts within the group often revolve around power issues among members. Self-categorization theory expands social identity theory by suggesting that in this process, we come to divide the world into in-groups (those to which we belong) and out-groups (those to which we do not belong). We begin to stereotype the attributes of in-groups and out-groups by comparing them with each other, with bias toward in-groups. When we encounter new group situations, we are more likely to be influenced by in-group members than by out-group members.