What factors may lessen the certainty of voluntariness?
What will be an ideal response?
Most common area evaluated is whether consent was given voluntarily. Information or evidence collected as a result of consent may be deemed inadmissible whenever it is determined that the actor was acting under duress or was coerced in any way. Voluntariness is accomplished through the review of the totality of the circumstances. Factors that lessen or negate voluntary consent include: youthfulness, low level of education, low intelligence, lack of advice of constitutional rights, length of detention, prolonged questioning and physical punishment.
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Many police calls are routine and frustrating
Indicate whether the statement is true or false
One of the major issues discussed by the authors has to do with the importance of law enforcement for the crime victim
When the interaction between law enforcement personnel and crime victims do not go well, it is virtually impossible for the victim to hold the police accountable. Indicate whether the statement is true or false
Which of the following is not normally considered a police agency administrative function?
A) planning and research B) juvenile affairs C) community relations D) legal adviser
Which of the following is NOT one of the four general types of strain outlined by Robert Agnew’s general strain theory?
A. the disjunction between expectations and achievements B. the removal of previously attained positive achievements C. the failure to achieve positively valued goals D. the exposure to positive stimuli