The nurse is caring for a baby whose fetal circulation did not properly transition for extrauterine life, indicated by:
1. Open foramen ovale.
2. Closed ductus arteriosus.
3. Blood flowing to the lungs through the pulmonary artery.
4. Blood returning to the heart through the pulmonary artery.
1
Rationale: An open foramen ovale indicates the transition to extrauterine life is not completed. The ductus arteriosus should close shortly after birth to improve blood flow to the lungs. Blood flowing to the lungs through the pulmonary artery is normal, and blood returning to the heart through the pulmonary artery would indicate a cardiac defect, not a problem with adapting to extrauterine life.
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