Explain the following:
a. Why do embedded SQL and SQLJ use host language variables as parameters, whereas dynamic SQL, JDBC, and ODBC use the ? placeholders?
b. What are the advantages of using host language variables as parameters in embedded SQL compared with ? placeholders?
a. With embedded SQL, the precompiler and compiler generate code for fetching and storing arguments between host language variables and SQL statements. Since the SQL statement is not known at compile time for dynamic SQL, JDBC, and ODBC, the compiler cannot generate that code and placeholders must be used.
b. Syntax checking can be done at compile time, and less communication is required at run time.
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