In the one-group pretest-posttest design which of the following threats to internal validity is NOT controlled?
a. history
b. maturation
c. testing
d. none are controlled
D
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Why did the founders of the United States opt for representative democracy instead of the Athenian model of direct democracy?
A. They believed that citizen participation was unnecessary in governance. B. They preferred a republic headed by a king or queen. C. They were against a government based on the consent of the governed. D. They thought that the rights of the minority would be ignored. E. They opined that the masses would not be able to decide what would be right for themselves.
What was the purpose of the Hatch Act?
a. to prohibit federal employees from engaging in partisan political activity b. to limit congressional control of the federal bureaucracy c. to prohibit awarding government jobs based on partisan loyalty d. to authorize greater use of discretion in bureaucratic decision making
What is not a challenge to the U.S. energy system?
A. Middle East instability B. Natural disasters C. Extremist conservationists D. Energy market instability
What technical and theoretical criticisms are made of democratic peace theory?
What will be an ideal response?