The term civil rights
a. refers only to the struggle of African Americans and their struggle to achieve freedom.
b. was defined in Article VI of the Constitution and commits the federal government to avoiding discrimination.
c. describes the protections of individuals against arbitrary and abusive government action.
d. reminds us that once rights are established for one group, they apply to everyone.
c. describes the protections of individuals against arbitrary and abusive government action.
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Barack Obama's successful campaigns for president in 2008 and 2012 resulted in __________ in both elections
a. a gain of House seats for Republicans b. a gain of seats in the House and a loss of seats in the Senate for Democrats c. a loss of House seats and a gain of Senate seats for Republicans d. a gain of both House and Senate seats for Democrats
Which scholar created the five stages of the "issue attention cycle"?
A. John W. Kingdon B. Andrew Card C. Anthony Downs D. Tom Daschle
Which of the following is an example of negative peace?
a. After making a peace treaty, Hamas and the Israeli army begin fighting again. b. Two rival gangs stop fighting because many members are dead and the rest are tired of the bloodshed. c. Two warring tribes stop fighting and cooperate economically to resolve the cause of their conflict. d. After occupying an Afghan village, American forces continue fighting limited resistance groups.
Feminists argue that with respect to international relations:
A. gender is typically irrelevant for understanding how international relations work because most heads of state are male. B. femininity is associated with private and domestic areas, whereas masculinity is associated with public and political spaces. C. males influence international relations more often through nonstate channels than females do. D. the gender identity of actors does not affect their views and decision processes. E. women are potentially more effective than men in conflict resolution but not in group decision making.