At what point is intrapleural pressure most negative?
a. End-exhalation
b. FRC
c. Inspiration
d. Maximal expiration
ANS: C
The pleural space is under negative pressure except during forced expiration. The intact thoracic rib cage provides elastic recoil pressure outward, whereas the intrinsic recoil pressure of the lung is inward toward the lung hilum. The diaphragm further decreases the intrapleural pressure below the atmospheric pressure to allow inspiration to occur.
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On a properly calibrated ECG machine, 1 mV is equivalent to a height of ________ boxes
A) five small B) ten small C) one large D) four large
The overall history is Comprehensive
29-year-old woman returns to clinic with severe cough. Over the past five days, cough has become more persistent. Throat burns constantly during day. No identified postnasal drip, although patient rates throat pain at 8/10 all the time. Both cough and pain are much worse after eating evening meal. Identifies pain along the length of throat, a burning in her chest, and reports that her mouth tastes sour along with the presence of excessive saliva in her mouth. Throat lozenges exacerbate the pain but alleviate the bitter taste in her mouth. Ice chips provide temporary relief for pain. Patient feels very anxious about pain, reporting heart palpitations and anxiety: father diagnosed with stage II squamous cell esophageal carcinoma 14 months ago. Patient engaged in smoking cessation program nine months ago after a 12-year smoking habit. In addition to HPI, patient reports loss of appetite. No report of nausea, fever chills, diarrhea, swollen joints, unusual muscle aches, headache, double vision, painful urination, or shortness of breath. No identified skin rash. History of peptic ulcer at age 14, responded well to OTC treatment with no recurrence. Occasional problem with heartburn, but patient admits she has not kept track of her own health due to schoolwork, job and father's health problems. Bronchitis complicated by pleurisy last year, responded well to ABX treatment. No history of asthma. No known drug allergies. Patient is a second year law student at Collegetown Law. Alcohol: two to four beers a week average. Indicate whether this statement is true or false.
Even though physicians will continue to use CPT to report procedures performed in their offices, they will still be affected by ICD-10-PCS documentation requirements. Why is this?
a. Because CMS will compare the physician office documentation to their hospital documentation to make sure it is consistent. b. CMS mandates hospitals to have clinical documentation improvement programs that have strict ICD-10-PCS documentation requirements. c. Because hospitals will be using PCS codes to report inpatient procedures these same physicians perform. d. Payers, especially managed care plans, expect the new documentation requirements to be met before they will approve payment for claims.
The atrioventricular valve on the side of the heart that receives blood from the inferior vena cava, is which of the following valves??
A) ?bicuspid B) ?aortic C) ?tricuspid D) ?pulmonic