A 7-year-old girl was at summer camp and dove into the lake many times. She complained that water went up her nose a few times. Several days later she is unresponsive and comatose and rushed to the hospital. A cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) specimen is drawn, and several motile amebae are observed. She is most likely suffering from an infection with which of the following pa-rasites?
a. Plasmodium vivax
b. Naegleria fowleri
c. Ascaris lumbricoides
d. Hymenolepis nana
B
Infection with N. fowleri occurs through contact with contaminated water. Organisms enter through the nasal mucosa and may travel via the olfactory nerve to the brain. N. fowleri can cause a severe and life-threatening disease, such as primary amebic meningoencephalitis (PAM).
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The movement of NH4+ ions into a cell down an electrochemical gradient created by H+ pumping is an example of
____.
a. an ion pump b. passive diffusion c. facilitated diffusion d. secondary active transport e. passive transport
Woolly mammoths disappeared from North America during which extinction event?
a. end-Devonian extinction b. end-Cretaceous extinction c. Pleistocene extinction d. Holocene extinction
Antibiotic resistance is becoming more common in disease-causing bacteria because
A. some patients do not take the antibiotics as directed. B. antibiotics are sometimes prescribed for viral infections (due to pressure from patients). C. All of the answer choices are correct. D. antibiotics are used in feed for livestock. E. antibiotics are used to treat infections in cattle, chickens, and other animals used for agricultural purposes.
The hindbrain includes the
a. thalamus. b. pineal gland. c. cerebellum. d. medulla oblongata. e. cerebellum and medulla oblongata.