Voters have recently decided to have fluoride added to the city water system. Epidemiologists now want to study the effect of fluoride on dental caries in this population. Which of the fol-lowing would be conducted by the epidemiologists?
a. Ecological study
b. Double-blind study
c. Community trial
d. Screening
ANS: C
A community trial is similar to a clinical trial, but the issue is often health promotion and disease prevention rather than treatment of existing disease. An ecological model considers the multiple factors that contribute to disease development. A double-blind study is one in which neither the subject nor the investigator knows who is receiving the treatment. A screening involves the test-ing of groups of individuals who are at risk for a certain condition but are not yet symptomatic.
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