Why are reliability and validity threats to the accuracy of measures? In your answer please define both terms.
What will be an ideal response?
A reliable measure is one that produces consistent results on repeated trials. A valid measure is one that measures what it is supposed to measure. Both reliability and validity are major threats to the accuracy of measures. Unreliable measures will produce different results in repeated trial, and we will therefore be unsure of whether we are accurately measuring a concept in any given trial. An invalid measure consistently measures the wrong concept and is therefore useless in measuring the right concept.
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Which of the following is NOT a major ideological underpinning for European radical-right political parties?
a. Populism b. Sectarianism c. Supernationalism d. Nativism
All of the following are forms of pollution except:
a. power lines and highways b. fertilizers and pesticides c. automobile emissions d. deforestation
The term democracy is not used in the American Constitution, in order to sidestep objections to direct democracy. Why does Plato argue that democracies are inferior systems of government?
a. They are founded on the premise that all opinions are equally valid b. Most citizens lack the necessary training in the virtues of justice c. Most citizens will put their selfish desires over the interests of the nation d. Communities typically include more ordinary than enlightened thinkers e. All of the above
Explain the three ways a municipal government could be structured and identify where each structure is mainly used.
What will be an ideal response?