If a response is followed by an unpleasant effect or discomfort, the response behavior will be suppressed. This is an example of
a. nonreinforcement.
b. aversive shaping.
c. punishment.
d. extinction.
ANSWER: c
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Random assignment helps ensure
a. cohort effects. b. differences exist between treatment groups prior to the treatment. c. age effects. d. similarity of treatment groups prior to the treatment.
Which form of learning helps us ignore those things that are repeated but are of no significant consequence?
a. operant conditioning b. classical conditioning c. orienting d. habituation
Psychoanalysis is
a. a theory of personality that emphasizes the awareness of one's own cognitive processes. b. a theory of personality that emphasizes unconscious motives and conflicts. c. a method of psychotherapy in which an observer carefully records and interprets behavior without interfering with the behavior. d. a method of psychotherapy that emphasizes how maladaptive behaviors are learned through imitations of others and through cognitive expectations.
A theory of perception that holds that the way we see the world is determined partly
by how the mind works is called a _____ approach. (a) bottom-up (b) top-down (c) hypnopompic (d) Gestalt