In the just war tradition, proportionality
a. refers to the principle of noncombatant immunity.
b. implies that the harm done by an act may not be disproportionate to the good sought or the evil to be avoided.
c. implies that war should be engaged only as a last resort after diplomacy and negotiation have failed.
d. implies that war is justifiable when waged against class oppression or national subjugation.
B
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Attempts at civil rights legislation in the early 1960s were stymied by each of the following EXCEPT
A. the Senate Judiciary Committee. B. Kennedy's reluctance to submit strong civil rights bills to Congress. C. a coalition of Southern Democrats and conservative Republicans. D. a lack of support from Kennedy's vice president. E. the chairman of the House Rules Committee.
According to realists, the anarchic structure of the international system leads to
a. a reliance on collective security arrangements. b. greater cooperation among states. c. chaos in interstate relations. d. increased interdependence among states. e. a self-help system where states are responsible for their own security.
For postmodernists, the breakup of the Soviet Union into 15 sovereign states is evidence of a problem with realists' belief that states __________.
A. are the central actors in international relations B. pursue objective interests through international power politics C. have universal interests D. are unitary
At the Second Continental Congress, who argued that "these united Colonies are, and of right ought to be free and independent States"?
A. Richard Henry Lee B. Samuel Adams C. Thomas Jefferson D. James Madison E. John Hancock