From Vygotsky's perspective, why do cultural differences exist in people's cognitive abilities?

a. Cultures differ in the extent to which they use inner speech.
b. The varying eating habits of different cultural groups influence children's nutrition and thus also influence brain maturation.
c. Different cultures pass along somewhat different cognitive tools.
d. Some cultures mediate children's experiences, whereas others do not.


c

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Identify and briefly describe the basic physical structure of brain cells and the mechanism by which they send information to other brain cells.

What will be an ideal response?

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When an assessment instrument has a norm group, you know that it:

A) Has cutoffs regarding what is acceptable performance. B) Has a distribution of test scores that fit a bell curve. C) Can be interpreted with reference to others who have taken the assessment. D) Comes with a manual that provides information about reliability and validity.

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When students are ready to work toward greater fluency through activities such as seatwork and homework, they are using which of the following?

a. Guided practice b. Curriculum-based measurement c. Monitoring student performance d. Independent practice

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Term planning involves preparation of plans for one:

a. school year. b. unit. c. course. d. marking period.

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