While conducting community health screening, the nurse recognizes that which of the following individuals is at highest risk for atrial fibrillation?
a. A 56-year-old female with diabetes who has elevated cholesterol levels
b. A 44-year-old obese male with asthma
c. A 62-year-old male smoker with a history of rheumatic heart disease
d. A 68-year-old female with Parkinson's disease who takes carbidopa-levadopa (Sinemet)
ANS: C
A history of cigarette smoking raises the risk of developing atrial fibrillation even after quitting. Other causes of atrial fibrillation include aging (increases after age 60 and is the most common sustained dysrhythmia), rheumatic or ischemic heart diseases, heart failure, hypertension, pericarditis, pulmonary embolism, and postoperative coronary artery bypass surgery. Medications can also cause this dysrhythmia. (Heeringa J, Kors JA, Hofman A, et al. Cigarette smoking and risk of atrial fibrillation: the Rotterdam Study. Am Heart J. 2008;156:1163–69.)
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