Polarization: Unpolarized light of intensity I0 passes through four ideal polarizing sheets. The polarizing angle of each sheet is rotated 30° from the one before it, so that the last sheet is aligned at 90° to the first sheet. What is the intensity of the light emerging from the fourth sheet in terms of I0?
Fill in the blank(s) with the appropriate word(s).
0.21 I0
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Which of the following best explains the origin of primitive meteorites?
A) They are leftover chunks of rock from the earliest period in the formation of the solar system. B) They are fragments of comets rather than of asteroids. C) They are fragments of an asteroid that was shattered by a collision. D) They are fragments of rock chipped off the planet Mercury. E) They are fragments of rock chipped off the planet Mars.
Tidal heating is not important for which of the following Galilean moons?
A) Callisto B) Io C) Europa D) Ganymede
Quasar spectra often show the same hydrogen absorption line with several different redshifts. What do these lines represent?
A) clouds of gas at different distances between us and the quasar B) different elements in the accretion disk around the quasar C) different elements in the Earth's atmosphere D) a single cloud of gas with clumps moving at different speeds E) hydrogen gas orbiting the quasar's central black hole at high speed
If you walk at a constant pace across a room of known length, your walking speed is the room length divided by the time to cross the room
Now suppose you repeat your walk but briefly stop along the way to interact with people sitting along your path. What effect does this have on your average speed across the room? How is this analogous to light passing through glass? In what way is it not analogous? What will be an ideal response?