Briefly describe observational learning, and explain how it relates to classical and operant conditioning
What will be an ideal response?
Observational learning occurs when an organism's behavior is influenced by having watched the behavior of another organism (a "model"). In order for observational learning to take place, the organism must (1) pay attention to the behavior of the model, (2) remember the behavior of the model, (3) be capable of imitating the model's behavior, and (4) be motivated to imitate the model's behavior.
Both classical and operant conditioning can occur vicariously through observational learning (watching another organism be conditioned). For example, a person may acquire a phobia by observing someone else's classically conditioned fear response, or a person may acquire a new behavioral response after observing someone else who is rewarded for making that response.
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Narcissists seem to be especially affected by ____
a. altruistic punishment b. the social facilitation effect c. the bad apple effect d. deindividuation
Brain death is characterized by ____
a. ?a persistent vegetative state lasting longer than 18 months b. ?two flatline EEG recordings taken 24 hours apart c. ?a continuous comatose state lasting longer than 12 weeks d. ?EEG recordings void of beta waves for at least 48 hours
Chemicals that pass information across the tiny gap between neurons are called:
A) neurotransmitters. B) phytohormones. C) gasotransmitters. D) semiochemicals.
Which of the following is a sign that conflict in a relationship may lead to deterioration of the relationship?
A) Showing no physiological response during a conflict B) Showing calm physiological reactions during conflicts C) Showing highly variable physiological responses across conflicts D) Showing more intense physiological responses during conflict