Describe the acute nutritional interventions used for urea cycle disorders.
What will be an ideal response?
Initial treatment includes administration of intravenous fluids because many infants are dehydrated at presentation due to anorexia and poor oral intake. Overhydration should be avoided because most patients with urea cycle defects have some degree of cerebral swelling. Caloric supplementation should be maximized to reverse catabolism and nitrogen turnover. In addition to glucose, Intralipid administration can provide the much-needed kilocalories in a smaller volume. Complete protein restriction is recommended only for a 24- to 48-hour period in order to avoid depletion of essential amino acids, which would result in further protein catabolism and nitrogen release. If enteral feedings cannot be tolerated, parenteral nutrition (PN) should be started. When protein is reintroduced into the diet, a standard PN solution with a low percentage of amino acids may be used if PN is only needed for a short duration. If enteral feedings are not resumed quickly, then the use of a special PN solution rich in the essential branched-chain amino acids should be considered.
You might also like to view...
Your best friend had a baby 3 months ago and is anxious to go "out on the town" with her friends. She is still breastfeeding, but would like to be able to have some drinks. What advice would you give her?
a. It is okay to drink while nursing because it actually helps babies sleep. b. It is okay to drink while nursing because it increases breast milk production. c. Pump your milk immediately after drinking and it will be eliminated from your body. d. Pump milk before going out and use that until the alcohol has been cleared from your system. e. Drink only beer because babies tolerate it.
Which is true regarding grounds for immediate termination? a. The magnitude of the wrongdoing should have little bearing on the outcome
b. The P and P manual must be followed strictly, with no amount of judgment from the manager. c. The prior work history is not relative when considering the magnitude of employee offenses. d. A manager may justify the behavior of a favorite employee and find fault with a less favored employee.
Twenty-year-old Jewell was a high school athlete who is now in her sophomore year of college. The transition from high school to college was challenging for Jewell and she rarely exercised her freshman year of college. Jewell has now started a training program with a goal of running in a 10K race in three months. Which of the following adaptations have been found following several months of endurance training?
A. Decrease in muscle cell mitochondria density B. Decrease in VO2 max C. Increased use of muscle glycogen as an energy source D. Increase in GLUT-4 receptors
Tamika's 52-year-old father died as a result of a condition that is the leading cause of death in the United States. Based on this information, Tamika's father died from ________.
A. type 1 diabetes B. lung cancer C. heart disease D. influenza