Fresh water vertebrates
a. are hyper-osmotic regulators.
b. produce large volumes of hypotonic urine.
c. maintain lower internal osmolarities in order to minimize water intake.
d. are adapted to take in ions of sodium, chlorine and calcium by means of gills, chloride cells and moist skin.
e. all these.
E
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The relative refractory period occurs after the action potential is complete because of the
a. lingering inactivation of the voltage-gated Na+ channels. b. slowness of the voltage-gated channels. c. the sodium-potassium pump. d. both (a) and (b). e. both (b) and (c).
A motor unit is a single muscle plus all of the motor neurons that innervate it
Indicate whether the statement is true or false
What directional term means the same as caudal?
What will be an ideal response?
Microtubules are composed of protein subunits known as:
A) myosin. B) keratin. C) tubulin. D) actin.