A 20-year-old underwent an echocardiogram to assess chest pain. Results revealed a congenital defect in the papillary muscles. Which of the following would the nurse expect to occur?
a. Closure of the semilunar valve
b. Backward expulsion of the atrioventricular valves
c. Closure of the atrioventricular valve
d. Backward expulsion of the semilunar valves
ANS: B
The papillary muscles are extensions of the myocardium that pull the cusps together and down-ward at the onset of ventricular contraction, thus preventing their backward expulsion into the atria. Defects in the papillary muscles would not affect either the semilunar or atrioventricular valves.
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