Which of the following is an example of an indirect cost of crime?

a. maintenance costs of jails and prisons
b. salaries of law enforcement personnel
c. the purchase of police cars
d. the expense of private surveillance and security devices


d. the expense of private surveillance and security devices

Criminal Justice

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In which case did the Court address the introduction of testimony where a defendant had requested an attorney and had refused to answer the questions officers?

a. Wainwright v Greenfield b. Smith v Ferguson c. Wilkes v Johnston d. Smyth v Carpenter

Criminal Justice

During this hypnotic phase, the hypnotist attempts to relax the witness and tests his or her response to suggestion

a. recall c. induction b. narrative d. hypermnesia

Criminal Justice

According to Cohen and Felson’s routine activities theory, crimes cannot occur without:

a. presence of victims, absence of law enforcement personnel, and criminals. b. valuable property, space, time, and bad acts. c. targets of victimization, police, and law breakers. d. suitable targets, absence of capable guardians, and motivated offenders. e. public fear, apathetic law enforcement, and career criminals.

Criminal Justice

Possession in which one may or may not be aware of what he or she possess is known as actual possession

Indicate whether the statement is true or false.

Criminal Justice