Mesothelium is to the body cavities as endothelium is to the
A) kidneys.
B) heart and blood vessels.
C) urinary bladder.
D) mouth.
E) large intestine.
Answer: B
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Match each term with its definition or description.
a. external respiration b. internal respiration c. diaphragm d. abdominal muscles e. oxyhemoglobin f. bicarbonate ion g. tidal volume h. vital capacity i. aortic bodies j. stretch receptors k. pulmonary ventilation l. dyspnea m. residual volume n. eupnea 1. _____ Muscle(s) that is (are) important in inspiration 2. _____ Form in which oxygen is carried in the blood 3. _____ Amount of air moved in and out of the lung during normal, quiet breathing 4. _____ Inhibits inspiration in the inflated lung 5. _____ Exchange of oxygen and carbon dioxide in the lung 6. _____ Muscle(s) that is (are) important in forced expiration 7. _____ Form in which carbon dioxide is carried in the blood 8. _____ Chemoreceptors that respond to an increase in blood acidity levels 9. _____ TV + IRV + ERV = 10. _____ Exchange of oxygen and carbon dioxide in the tissue cells of the body 11. _____ Labored or difficult breathing 12. _____ Another term for breathing 13. _____ Air that remains in the lung after the most forceful expiration 14. _____ Normal respiration
Stress of any kind causes the release of
a. aldosterone b. the major glucocorticoid c. insulin d. melatonin e. none of the above
Type II alveolar cells are among the last cells to mature during fetal development. In babies born prematurely, type II alveolar cells are often not ready to perform their functions. Which of the following drugs would be most likely to help an infant with immature type II alveolar cells?
A. Pulmonary surfactant B. A muscarinic agonist C. Histamine D. A beta-adrenergic agonist E. A beta-adrenergic antagonist
The lungs remain inflated because
A. intrapleural pressure is exactly equal to atmospheric pressure. B. intrapleural pressure is exactly equal to intrapulmonary pressure. C. intrapleural pressure is less than intrapulmonary pressure. D. intrapulmonary pressure is less than intrapleural pressure.