What is the name given to the belief that even organizations that were originally proposed to be based upon democratically oriented philosophies eventually come to be dominated by a small, self-serving group of people who have achieved positions of power?

A) Thin Blue Line B) Iron Law of Oligarchy
C) zero-tolerance policing D) none of the above


B

Criminal Justice

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The ethical protection that participants remain nameless; their identity is protected from disclosure and remains unknown is called _________

a. anonymity b. secretiveness c. protection d. confidential e. obscurity

Criminal Justice

A __________ cannot exist as a separate entity and must attach itself to another program to move through a network.

A. virus B. worm C. botnet D. all of the above

Criminal Justice

In a national survey of use of capital punishment, the variable region includes West, Southwest, South, Southeast, East, Northeast, Midwest, and Northwest. The level of measurement is:

a. Nominal b. Ordinal c. Interval d. Ratio

Criminal Justice

Howard Becker calls individuals who seek to shape the law toward their own way of thinking:

a. moral entrepreneurs. b. right-way thinkers. c. one-way thinkers. d. morality crusaders.

Criminal Justice