The ability to form endospores in bacteria within Bacillales, Clostridiales, and Lactobacillales suggests the genotype/phenotype evolved

A) at least three separate times in these divergent orders.
B) at least once, and horizontal gene transfer among relatives explains its presence in other orders.
C) only once in an ancestor to these three orders, due to the high number of genes required.
D) either at least once and horizontal gene transfer among relatives occurred or once in a common ancestor.


Answer: C

Biology & Microbiology

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Flycatcher birds that migrate from Africa to Europe feed their nestlings a diet that is almost exclusively moth caterpillars. The graph below shows the mean dates of arrival, bird hatching, and peak caterpillar season for the years 1980 and 2000. The shift in the peak of caterpillar season is most likely due to _____. A) pesticide use B) earlier migration returns of flycatchers C) an innate change in the biological clock of the caterpillars D) global warming E) acid precipitation in Europe

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The ____ hormones are vital to growth, development, maturation, and metabolism in all vertebrates

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Biology & Microbiology

Which of the following is the proper sequence for mitosis?

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Biology & Microbiology