Read the following facts regarding United States v. Sokolow (1989): Sokolow, appeared to be suspicious to police because while traveling under an alias from Honolulu, he paid $2,100 in $20 bills (taken from a larger sum of money) for a round-trip airline ticket to Miami. He spent a very short period of time in Miami. Sokolow was noticeably nervous and had checked no luggage. A warrantless airport investigation by Drug Enforcement Administration (DEA) agents revealed more than 1,000 grams of cocaine on the defendant. Based on the facts above, how did the U.S. Supreme Court rule?
A) The Court ruled that according to a "totality of the circumstances" criterion, in which the defendant's entire behavior is taken collectively to provide the basis for a legitimate stop, the evidence was admissible.
B) Upon appeal, the Court ruled that no single activity was proof of illegal activity, and as such, the evidence was inadmissible.
C) The court ruled that the stop was legal because the actions taken together created circumstances under which suspicion of illegal activity but that the search was illegal under the exclusionary rule.
D) The court ruled that the stop and the search were illegal under the Fourth Amendment and as such, all evidence should have been excluded from trial.
Ans: A) The Court ruled that according to a "totality of the circumstances" criterion, in which the defendant's entire behavior is taken collectively to provide the basis for a legitimate stop, the evidence was admissible.
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One of the primary reasons for incarcerating offenders is the improvement of public safety
Indicate whether the statement is true or false
When looking at the general population in the United States, the lifetime prevalence of PTSD is 6.8%. In contrast, existing rates of PTSD in nonviolent inmates is ______ for men and ______ for women.
a. 10%; 23.2% b. 15%; 21.4% c. 21%; 15.5% d. 23.2%; 10%
Evidence excluded by operation of the exclusionary rule can be used collaterally in:
a. habeas corpus proceedings b. deportation proceedings c. both a and b d. neither a and b
Self-reports have been consistent in finding that most juveniles:
a. Will never commit any type of crime during their lifetime b. Will engage in persistent or serious criminal behavior c. Will break the law at one time or another d. No self- report findings are ever consistent