A 22-year-old presents with chronic bronchitis. Tests reveal closure of the airway during expira-tion. This condition is most likely caused by:
a. thick mucus from hypertrophied glands.
b. ventilation-perfusion mismatch.
c. hyperventilation.
d. thinning smooth muscle in the bronchioles.
ANS: A
Chronic bronchitis is defined by hypersecretion of thick mucus. Ventilation-perfusion mismatch may occur, but chronic bronchitis is defined as hypersecretion of mucus. Neither hyperventilation nor thinning of smooth muscle occurs.
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