Six-year-old Kristen is afraid of balloons because a balloon once popped in her face while she was holding it. Last week, she went to the circus and there was a clown holding a huge assortment of helium balloons. Now she is also afraid of clowns, even though none of the balloons the clown was holding popped. Kristen's fear of clowns illustrates the classical conditioning process of
a. higher-order conditioning.
b. preparedness.
c. spontaneous recovery.
d. the renewal effect.
A
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Kennedy is visiting a friend's new apartment when she suddenly gets the eerie feeling that she has been there before. Assuming Kennedy has never actually been to the apartment before, she appears to be experiencing
A) an out-of-body experience. B) hypnosis. C) the "hidden observer" phenomenon. D) déjà vu.
In dissociative identity disorder, the "host" personality usually
A. is of a gender opposite to that of the individual. B. becomes overwhelmed trying to hold all of the personality fragments together. C. is the "leader" of the multiple identities. D. is well aware of each personality and everything that happens while each personality is active.
Which technique uses special radio receivers to detect information from resonating atoms in order to assess brain activity?
a. MRI b. EEG c. PET scan d. electrical stimulation
Which of the following errors often made by children learning to use language is the more common type of mistake?
a. Overextension b. Underextension c. Syntactical flip-flopping d. Fast-mapping