In terms of changes in membrane potential, compare and contrast action potentials and graded
potentials.
What will be an ideal response?
Action potentials are all-or-none phenomena that form when a membrane potential of an excitable cell
reaches threshold potential. Graded potentials are additive subthreshold changes in the membrane
potential of an excitable cell. The net effect of graded potentials may cause a membrane potential to
move closer to, or further away from, threshold potential.
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Ecology is a science that can be carried out by ________.
A. learning by observing B. running experiments to test hypotheses C. both learning by observing and running experiments to test hypotheses D. neither participating in a march to demand actions on climate change
Which one of the following types of fatty acids would be likely to have the lowest melting temperature?
A. long tails and low saturation B. long tails and high saturation C. short tails and low saturation D. short tails and high saturation E. All fatty acids have the same melting temperature regardless of tail length or level of saturation.
Why do some animal viruses have an external envelope, while bacteriophages never do?
A. When animal cells are lysed, part of the plasma membrane attaches to the virus; in bacterial cells, it is covered by the cell wall. B. Some animal viruses bud out, taking part of the plasma membrane with them, whereas phages always lyse the host bacterial cell when they exit. C. When phages bud out of the host bacterial cell, they take with them part of the cell wall which forms the capsid, not an envelope. D. When bacteriophages bud out, the plasma membrane is beneath the cell wall and therefore cannot be removed.
Rhythms that are repeated every 24 hours are
a. sleep movements. b. tropisms. c. physiological requirements. d. circadian rhythms. e. biological clocks