Several complications can occur when a child receives a blood transfusion. An immediate sign or symptom of an air embolus is:
a. Chills and shaking. c. Irregular heart rate.
b. Nausea and vomiting. d. Sudden difficulty in breathing.
ANS: D
Signs of air embolism are sudden difficulty breathing, sharp pain in the chest, and apprehension. Air emboli should be avoided by carefully flushing all tubing of air before connecting to the patient. Chills, shaking, nausea, and vomiting are associated with hemolytic reactions. Irregular heart rate is associated with electrolyte disturbances and hypothermia.
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