A patient is withdrawn, suspicious, and maintains physical distance from staff and other patients. Which intervention demonstrates appropriate use of touch with this patient?
a. Refraining from touch
b. Patting the patient's arm when fear is expressed
c. Reaching out to shake the patient's hand as an initial greeting
d. Placing an arm around the patient's shoulders while walking down the hall
A
Withdrawn, suspicious patients often consider touch a violation of personal space or might misinterpret touch as being sexual or aggressive. Refraining from touching a suspicious patient is wise until there is evidence that the patient can tolerate touch. The more intimate or extensive the touching, the more threatening it might be to the patient.
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