Discuss the relationship between psychoncology and the progression of cancer.
What will be an ideal response?
Sample Answer: The field of study called psychoncology emerged from the discovery that the development and course of different varieties of cancer are subject to psychosocial influences. Spiegel and his colleagues found that women with advance breast cancer who experienced small group psychotherapy once a week saw their survival time was significantly longer than that of the group that did not receive psychotherapy. The therapy group lived twice as long on average as the controls. In another study, Anderson and colleagues found that women who received a psychological intervention that included strategies to reduce stress, improve mood, alter important health behaviors, and maintain adherence to cancer treatment and care reduced their risk of dying by breast cancer by 56% and their risk of breast cancer recurrence by 45%.
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According to the two factor theory of fear, avoidance behaviors are maintained by
a. positive reinforcement. b. negative reinforcement. c. vicarious consequences. d. social learning.
The three stages of prenatal development, in order, are:
a. germinal, embryonic, fetal b. embryonic, fetal, germinal c. fetal, germinal, embryonic d. germinal, fetal, embryonic
Prescott's chance of developing schizophrenia in his lifetime is about 1 in ____________________ because he has an identical twin brother who has just been diagnosed with schizophrenia
Fill in the blank(s) with correct word
An example of stage-three behavior is
thumb-sucking and self-soothing. searching for a teddy bear hidden under a blanket. trying to dress like Mommy or Daddy. looking for a smile and smiling back.