Client-centered therapy was developed by
a. John Watson.
b. Carl Rogers.
c. Sigmund Freud.
d. Aaron Beck.
Answer: b
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According to cognitive models of anxiety, such as Borkovec, Alcaine and Behar's model, why do people continue to worry despite the fact that it is unproductive?
a. They have a superstition that worry will lead to symptom reduction. b. Classical conditioning has led to an association between worry and cognitive stability. c. The worry is reinforced by a temporary reduction in uncomfortable physiological sensations. d. The worry results from activation of the superego in order to punish oneself for past misdeeds.
Kaplan and Simon's experiment presented different versions of the mutilated checkerboard problem. The main purpose of their experiment was to demonstrate that
A. people arrive at the solution to an insight problem suddenly, but proceed more methodically toward the solution of a non-insight problem. B. a person's mental set can hinder finding a solution to a problem. C. people often have to backtrack within the problem space to arrive at an answer to a problem. D. the way the problem is represented can influence the ease of problem solving.
Regarding sleep loss and microsleeps, which of the following statements is FALSE?
a. If a task is monotonous, no amount of sleep loss is safe from the occurrence of microsleeps. b. A hundred thousand automobile crashes every year are caused by sleepiness. c. Even if your eyes are open, you can fall asleep for a few seconds. d. Lower animals, such as dogs, cats, and rats do not experience microsleep, only humans do.
A child's parents and teachers report that he impulsively interrupts others dozens of times each day, and that he cannot remain quiet when told to do so. When he notices a behavioral assessor visiting his classroom, however, the child doesn't say a word. This phenomenon is best described as
a. poor construct validity. b. reactivity. c. observer error. d. controlled observation.