A client tells the nurse about the need to get up several times throughout the night to void. The nurse suspects the client is experiencing nocturia due to which factor?
1. Decrease in bladder tone
2. Decrease in blood supply
3. Decrease in number of nephrons
4. Decrease in cardiac output
Correct Answer: 1
Rationale 1: Nocturia is voiding frequently at night. An increased intake of fluid causes some increase in the frequency of voiding. Conditions such as urinary tract infection (UTI), stress, and pregnancy can cause frequent voiding of small quantities of urine. Total fluid intake and output may be normal.
Rationale 2: A decrease in blood supply causes an increase in urine concentration.
Rationale 3: A decrease in the number of nephrons decreases the filtration rate.
Rationale 4: A decrease in cardiac output decreases peripheral circulation, which would decrease urinary output during both the day and the night.
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