Which of the following heart sounds is commonly heard after myocardial infarction?
A. Friction rub
B. S4
C. S3
D. Opening snap
ANS: A
Opening snap is caused by the opening of a stenotic mitral or tricuspid valve and is heard early in diastole along the lower left sternal border. It is high pitched and heard best with the diaphragm of the stethoscope. Friction rubs occur frequently after a myocardial infarction (MI) or with pericarditis. The sound is a high-pitched grating, scratching sound—resulting from inflammation of the pericardial sac—that issues from the parietal and visceral surfaces of the inflamed pericardium as they rub together.
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